-ed分詞即我們平常所說的動詞過去分詞。它有兩種形式:規則動詞形式和不規則動詞形式。規則動詞形式由規則動詞+-ED構成;不規則動詞有其特殊的-ED分詞。在語法功能上,它在句子中所能承擔的成分基本與-ING分詞相同,可以作表語,定語,狀語,也可以用在復合結構中,不管它作什么成分,其最基本的含義是“被動”的。-ED分詞在語法功能和意義上與-ing分詞有一定的區別。
一、-ed分詞作表語
過去分詞作表語一般用來表示感受、狀態(系詞+分詞)。如:
We were very interested in the novel she gave us yesterday.
我們對她昨天給我們的小說非常感興趣。
She was quite frightened by the sudden noise outside the door.
她被門外突然的吵鬧聲嚇住了。
可以用作表語的常見過去分詞有:
amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, confused, disappointed, discouraged, dressed, drunk, excited, experienced, faded, frightened, hurt, interested, known, learned, lost, married, pleased, puzzled, qualified, satisfied, surprised, tired, unprepared, unknown, upset, worried等。